
The Saami (or Sami) are the indigenous people of Lapland - northern Finland, Sweden, Norway and Russia. Approximately 70,000 people describe themselves as Saami, and about 25,000 speak one of the nine Saami languages. The Saami are perhaps best known as reindeer herders, but the traditional lifestyle also included fishing, trapping and sheep herding. Today, there is also a large urban Saami population. Saami immigration to North America often occured alongside Scandinavian or Finnish immigrants, and there may be 30,000 descendents of Sami immigrants in North America. Saami literature often explores Saami tradition, a history of oppression by the majority Nordic cultures, and the contemporary challenges of preserving indigenous language and culture in modern society.